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2023, Vol: 19, Issue: 2
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Original Research 


Epidemiological and etiological agents of water borne infections among the bathers in the Mediterranean Sea water in Gaza Strip

Hani Assad Dakka, Abdel moati Aljarousha, Nanis Allam, Kamal Shaltout.

Abstract
The pollution of sea water by fecal materials became a public health problem in different parts of the world, and bathing in these polluted water usually make a hazards of acquiring infection. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the infections acquired post bathing in the Mediterranean Sea water in Gaza Strip, and to find out the risk factors which may facilitate the acquiring infections. During 2011, different age groups of the sea water visitors completed a follow up interview to study the effect of water pollution on their health. In addition, the water quality was evaluated by making analysis for the fecal indicator bacteria. Ninety one participants reported symptoms (male/female ratio was 1.8). Eye infection rate was 25%, skin infection 21%, urinary tract infection 20.0%, gastroenteritis 17.7% and ear infection16.5%. Water analysis showed that the total mean coliform value had a range of 226-1901, Fecal coliform 92-390 CFU, Fecal Streptococci 60-195 CFU, Staphylococcus aureus 171-440 CFU and Pseudomonas 2.1-5.6 CFU, The percentage of samples exceeding European Union standard permissible limit were 51.1% for total coliform, 66.6 % for fecal coliform and 36.2% for fecal Streptococci. The risk factors associated with acquiring infections were Sea bathing period (> 60 minutes), age group (1-10 years) and duration of visiting beaches more than two times per week (Odds ratio 1.9, P-value 0.011). In conclusion, the swimming and bathing in polluted sea water in Gaza Strip could be a risk for acquiring different type of illnesses.

Key words: Fecal indicator bacteria, polluted water, risk factors, water borne diseases.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Hani Assad Dakka, Abdel moati Aljarousha, Nanis Allam, Kamal Shaltout. Epidemiological and etiological agents of water borne infections among the bathers in the Mediterranean Sea water in Gaza Strip. Egypt. J. Exp. Biol. (Bot.). 2018; 14(2): 299-306. doi:10.5455/egyjebb.20180702062817

Web Style

Hani Assad Dakka, Abdel moati Aljarousha, Nanis Allam, Kamal Shaltout. Epidemiological and etiological agents of water borne infections among the bathers in the Mediterranean Sea water in Gaza Strip. https://www.egyseb.net//?mno=302642647 [Access: December 05, 2023]. doi:10.5455/egyjebb.20180702062817

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Hani Assad Dakka, Abdel moati Aljarousha, Nanis Allam, Kamal Shaltout. Epidemiological and etiological agents of water borne infections among the bathers in the Mediterranean Sea water in Gaza Strip. Egypt. J. Exp. Biol. (Bot.). 2018; 14(2): 299-306. doi:10.5455/egyjebb.20180702062817


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Hani Assad Dakka, Abdel moati Aljarousha, Nanis Allam, Kamal Shaltout. Epidemiological and etiological agents of water borne infections among the bathers in the Mediterranean Sea water in Gaza Strip. Egypt. J. Exp. Biol. (Bot.). (2018), [cited December 05, 2023]; 14(2): 299-306. doi:10.5455/egyjebb.20180702062817


Harvard Style

Hani Assad Dakka, Abdel moati Aljarousha, Nanis Allam, Kamal Shaltout (2018) Epidemiological and etiological agents of water borne infections among the bathers in the Mediterranean Sea water in Gaza Strip. Egypt. J. Exp. Biol. (Bot.), 14 (2), 299-306. doi:10.5455/egyjebb.20180702062817


Turabian Style

Hani Assad Dakka, Abdel moati Aljarousha, Nanis Allam, Kamal Shaltout. 2018. Epidemiological and etiological agents of water borne infections among the bathers in the Mediterranean Sea water in Gaza Strip. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (Botany), 14 (2), 299-306. doi:10.5455/egyjebb.20180702062817


Chicago Style

Hani Assad Dakka, Abdel moati Aljarousha, Nanis Allam, Kamal Shaltout. "Epidemiological and etiological agents of water borne infections among the bathers in the Mediterranean Sea water in Gaza Strip." THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (Botany) 14 (2018), 299-306. doi:10.5455/egyjebb.20180702062817


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Hani Assad Dakka, Abdel moati Aljarousha, Nanis Allam, Kamal Shaltout. "Epidemiological and etiological agents of water borne infections among the bathers in the Mediterranean Sea water in Gaza Strip." THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (Botany) 14.2 (2018), 299-306. Print. doi:10.5455/egyjebb.20180702062817


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Hani Assad Dakka, Abdel moati Aljarousha, Nanis Allam, Kamal Shaltout (2018) Epidemiological and etiological agents of water borne infections among the bathers in the Mediterranean Sea water in Gaza Strip. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (Botany), 14 (2), 299-306. doi:10.5455/egyjebb.20180702062817


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